Standards in this Framework
| Standard | Description |
|---|---|
| CM.DRS.1.a | Represent data in different number systems, including binary, decimal, and hexadecimal. |
| CM.DRS.1.b | Convert data between number systems (e.g., binary to decimal, decimal to hexadecimal). |
| CM.DRS.2.a | Describe the characteristics of different variable data types, including i) Boolean; ii) character; iii) integer; iv) decimal (double/float); and v) string. |
| CM.DRS.2.b | Differentiate between variable data types to determine the data type needed based upon intended use (e.g., character versus string, integer versus double/float). |
| CM.DRS.3.a | Given a specific task or problem, determine the appropriate data structure (e.g., lists, arrays, objects) to represent data. |
| CM.DRS.3.b | Perform tasks related to lists or arrays (one-dimensional or two-dimensional), including i) declare a list or array (one-dimensional or two-dimensional); ii) choose an appropriate data type for a list or an array; and iii) fill the list or array with data. |
| CM.DRS.3.c | Access and manipulate a particular element of a list or an array. |
| CM.DRS.3.d | Implement predefined objects to consolidate related information of different data types. |
| CM.CP.1.a | Design a step-by-step plan to perform a task or solve a problem using a flowchart or pseudocode that outlines the subtasks needed. |
| CM.CP.1.b | Define the variables needed to perform a task or solve a problem. |
| CM.CP.1.c | Define the constraints of a task or problem (e.g., pre-conditions, post-conditions) to determine the desired input and output. |
| CM.CP.2.a | Write and implement Boolean expressions using logical and relational operators (e.g., !, &&, ||, ==, <, >, >=, <=, !=). |
| CM.CP.2.b | Write and implement “if” conditional statements. |
| CM.CP.2.c | Write and implement “if/else” conditional statements. |
| CM.CP.2.d | Write and implement compound conditional statements (e.g., nested conditionals, chained conditional statements). |
| CM.CP.2.e | Determine which parts of an algorithm are executed based on a condition being true or false. |
| CM.CP.3.a | Write and implement “while” and “for” loops. |
| CM.CP.3.b | Differentiate between loops that run a fixed number of times and loops that run an indefinite number of times (e.g., stopping dependent on variable conditions). |
| CM.CP.3.c | Identify conditions that cause infinite loops. |
| CM.CP.3.d | Determine the outcome of code segments that include loops. |
| CM.CP.4.a | Write and implement the output phase of a computer program, which may include: i) formatting output in text-based environments; ii) displaying output through a graphical user interface; and iii) sending output to a physical device (e.g., speakers, robots, LED lights). |
| CM.CP.4.b | Write output to a file. |
| CM.CP.5.a | Write and implement input statements to store user given values into a program. |
| CM.CP.5.b | Validate input data using exception coding (e.g., using a “while” loop to control valid input by a user). |
| CM.CP.5.c | Determine what output a program will produce given a specific input. |
| CM.CP.6.a | Implement library functions to process data. |
| CM.CP.6.b | Implement library functions to perform mathematical operations (e.g., random, absolute value, square root, power). |
| CM.CP.6.c | Implement void library functions and return library functions. |
| CM.CP.6.d | Implement overloaded library functions. |
| CM.CP.7.a | Write and implement a user-defined function to complete a task or sub-task. |
| CM.CP.7.b | Write and implement void functions and return functions. |
| CM.CP.7.c | Write and implement functions that accept parameters. |
| CM.CP.8.a | Differentiate between types of search routines. |
| CM.CP.8.b | Differentiate between types of sort routines. |
| CM.CP.8.c | Implement pre-defined algorithms. |
| CM.CP.8.d | Implement a search routine on a one-dimensional list or an array, including sequential search and binary search. |
| CM.CP.8.e | Implement a sort routine on a one-dimensional list or an array (e.g., selection sort, insertion sort, merge sort). |
| CM.AP.1.a | Determine what components of programming are needed to implement a step-by-step plan to perform a specific task or solve a problem. |
| CM.AP.1.b | Write a computer program that includes sequencing, selection (conditionals), and iteration (loops). |
| CM.AP.1.c | Write and implement computer programs to solve mathematical problems using i) formulas and equations; ii) functions; iii) probability and statistics; and iv) data-analysis. |
| CM.AP.2.a | Create documentation using written comments to: i) describe the overall purpose of a program; ii) align a previously created step-by-step plan to a written program; iii) describe pre-conditions and post-conditions; and iv) improve the readability of a program. |
| CM.AP.3.a | Verify that the variable types are aligned to the purpose of the algorithm. |
| CM.AP.3.b | Verify that global variables are set to constant values before run time. |
| CM.AP.3.c | Differentiate between the scopes of variables (e.g., global scope versus local scope) and verify the intended use. |
| CM.AP.4.a | Declare, initialize, and assign variables to represent mathematical expressions or statements. |
| CM.AP.4.b | Implement order of operations, including logical and relational operators. |
| CM.AP.4.c | Translate a mathematical expression or statement into a programming statement(s). |
| CM.AP.5.a | Trace existing code of an algorithm to i) identify values at each stage of an algorithm; and ii) predict return values of functions given specific arguments. |
| CM.AP.5.b | Use tracing to describe the intended purpose of existing code for an algorithm. |
| CM.EP.1.a | Produce a given output by entering a data set. |
| CM.EP.1.b | Test a program including boundary cases and inaccurate data types to verify the intended outcomes. |
| CM.EP.2.a | Differentiate among syntax errors, runtime errors, and logic errors. |
| CM.EP.2.b | Debug a program using various techniques: i) interpret syntax and runtime error messages; ii) place controlled breaks; iii) output intermediate results; iv) disable a section of code by converting it into a comment; v) trace code to identify logic errors; and vi) use debugging tools available in the programming environment |
| CM.EP.3.a | Compare and contrast the efficiency of computer programs in terms of i) complexity of algorithms with the same intended outcomes; ii) memory space used; and iii) run time. |
