Standards in this Framework
| Standard | Description |
|---|---|
| 1A-AP-08 | Model daily processes by creating and following algorithms (sets of step-by-step instructions) to complete tasks. |
| 1A-AP-09 | Model the way programs store and manipulate data by using numbers or other symbols to represent information. |
| 1A-AP-10 | Develop programs with sequences and simple loops, to express ideas or address a problem. |
| 1A-AP-11 | Decompose (break down) the steps needed to solve a problem into a precise sequence of instructions. |
| 1A-AP-12 | Develop plans that describe a program’s sequence of events, goals, and expected outcomes. |
| 1A-AP-13 | Give attribution when using the ideas and creations of others while developing programs. |
| 1A-AP-14 | Debug (identify and fix) errors in an algorithm or program that includes sequences and simple loops. |
| 1A-AP-15 | Using correct terminology, describe steps taken and choices made during the iterative process of program development. |
| 1A-CS-01 | Select and operate appropriate software to perform a variety of tasks, and recognize that users have different needs and preferences for the technology they use. |
| 1A-CS-02 | Use appropriate terminology in identifying and describing the function of common physical components of computing systems (hardware). |
| 1A-CS-03 | Describe basic hardware and software problems using accurate terminology. |
| 1A-DA-05 | Store, copy, search, retrieve, modify, and delete information using a computing device and define the information stored as data. |
| 1A-DA-06 | Collect and present the same data in various visual formats. |
| 1A-DA-07 | Identify and describe patterns in data visualizations, such as charts or graphs, to make predictions. |
| 1A-IC-16 | Compare how people live and work before and after the implementation or adoption of new computing technology. |
| 1A-IC-17 | Work respectfully and responsibly with others online. |
| 1A-IC-18 | Keep login information private, and log off of devices appropriately. |
| 1A-NI-04 | Explain what passwords are and why we use them, and use strong passwords to protect devices and information from unauthorized access. |
| 1B-AP-08 | Compare and refine multiple algorithms for the same task and determine which is the most appropriate. |
| 1B-AP-09 | Create programs that use variables to store and modify data. |
| 1B-AP-10 | Create programs that include sequences, events, loops, and conditionals. |
| 1B-AP-11 | Decompose (break down) problems into smaller, manageable subproblems to facilitate the program development process. |
| 1B-AP-12 | Modify, remix, or incorporate portions of an existing program into one's own work, to develop something new or add more advanced features. |
| 1B-AP-13 | Use an iterative process to plan the development of a program by including others' perspectives and considering user preferences. |
| 1B-AP-14 | Observe intellectual property rights and give appropriate attribution when creating or remixing programs. |
| 1B-AP-15 | Test and debug (identify and fix errors) a program or algorithm to ensure it runs as intended. |
| 1B-AP-16 | Take on varying roles, with teacher guidance, when collaborating with peers during the design, implementation, and review stages of program development. |
| 1B-AP-17 | Describe choices made during program development using code comments, presentations, and demonstrations. |
| 1B-CS-01 | Describe how internal and external parts of computing devices function to form a system. |
| 1B-CS-02 | Model how computer hardware and software work together as a system to accomplish tasks. |
| 1B-CS-03 | Determine potential solutions to solve simple hardware and software problems using common troubleshooting strategies. |
| 1B-DA-06 | Organize and present collected data visually to highlight relationships and support a claim. |
| 1B-DA-07 | Use data to highlight or propose cause-and-effect relationships, predict outcomes, or communicate an idea. |
| 1B-IC-18 | Discuss computing technologies that have changed the world, and express how those technologies influence, and are influenced by, cultural practices. |
| 1B-IC-19 | Brainstorm ways to improve the accessibility and usability of technology products for the diverse needs and wants of users. |
| 1B-IC-20 | Seek diverse perspectives for the purpose of improving computational artifacts. |
| 1B-IC-21 | Use public domain or creative commons media, and refrain from copying or using material created by others without permission. |
| 1B-NI-04 | Model how information is broken down into smaller pieces, transmitted as packets through multiple devices over networks and the Internet, and reassembled at the destination. |
| 1B-NI-05 | Discuss real-world cybersecurity problems and how personal information can be protected. |
| 2-AP-10 | Use flowcharts and/or pseudocode to address complex problems as algorithms. |
| 2-AP-11 | Create clearly named variables that represent different data types and perform operations on their values. |
| 2-AP-12 | Design and iteratively develop programs that combine control structures, including nested loops and compound conditionals. |
| 2-AP-13 | Decompose problems and subproblems into parts to facilitate the design, implementation, and review of programs. |
| 2-AP-14 | Create procedures with parameters to organize code and make it easier to reuse. |
| 2-AP-15 | Seek and incorporate feedback from team members and users to refine a solution that meets user needs. |
| 2-AP-16 | Incorporate existing code, media, and libraries into original programs, and give attribution. |
| 2-AP-17 | Systematically test and refine programs using a range of test cases. |
| 2-AP-18 | Distribute tasks and maintain a project timeline when collaboratively developing computational artifacts. |
| 2-AP-19 | Document programs in order to make them easier to follow, test, and debug. |
| 2-CS-01 | Recommend improvements to the design of computing devices, based on an analysis of how users interact with the devices. |
| 2-CS-02 | Design projects that combine hardware and software components to collect and exchange data. |
| 2-CS-03 | Systematically identify and fix problems with computing devices and their components. |
| 2-DA-07 | Represent data using multiple encoding schemes. |
| 2-DA-08 | Collect data using computational tools and transform the data to make it more useful and reliable. |
| 2-DA-09 | Refine computational models based on the data they have generated. |
| 2-IC-20 | Compare tradeoffs associated with computing technologies that affect people's everyday activities and career options. |
| 2-IC-21 | Discuss issues of bias and accessibility in the design of existing technologies. |
| 2-IC-22 | Collaborate with many contributors through strategies such as crowdsourcing or surveys when creating a computational artifact. |
| 2-IC-23 | Describe tradeoffs between allowing information to be public and keeping information private and secure. |
| 2-NI-04 | Model the role of protocols in transmitting data across networks and the Internet. |
| 2-NI-05 | Explain how physical and digital security measures protect electronic information. |
| 2-NI-06 | Apply multiple methods of encryption to model the secure transmission of information. |
| 3A-AP-13 | Create prototypes that use algorithms to solve computational problems by leveraging prior student knowledge and personal interests. |
| 3A-AP-14 | Use lists to simplify solutions, generalizing computational problems instead of repeatedly using simple variables. |
| 3A-AP-15 | Justify the selection of specific control structures when tradeoffs involve implementation, readability, and program performance, and explain the benefits and drawbacks of choices made. |
| 3A-AP-16 | Design and iteratively develop computational artifacts for practical intent, personal expression, or to address a societal issue by using events to initiate instructions. |
| 3A-AP-17 | Decompose problems into smaller components through systematic analysis, using constructs such as procedures, modules, and/or objects. |
| 3A-AP-18 | Create artifacts by using procedures within a program, combinations of data and procedures, or independent but interrelated programs. |
| 3A-AP-19 | Systematically design and develop programs for broad audiences by incorporating feedback from users. |
| 3A-AP-20 | Evaluate licenses that limit or restrict use of computational artifacts when using resources such as libraries. |
| 3A-AP-21 | Evaluate and refine computational artifacts to make them more usable and accessible. |
| 3A-AP-22 | Design and develop computational artifacts working in team roles using collaborative tools. |
| 3A-AP-23 | Document design decisions using text, graphics, presentations, and/or demonstrations in the development of complex programs. |
| 3A-CS-01 | Explain how abstractions hide the underlying implementation details of computing systems embedded in everyday objects. |
| 3A-CS-02 | Compare levels of abstraction and interactions between application software, system software, and hardware layers. |
| 3A-CS-03 | Develop guidelines that convey systematic troubleshooting strategies that others can use to identify and fix errors. |
| 3A-DA-09 | Translate between different bit representations of real-world phenomena, such as characters, numbers, and images. |
| 3A-DA-10 | Evaluate the tradeoffs in how data elements are organized and where data is stored. |
| 3A-DA-11 | Create interactive data visualizations using software tools to help others better understand real-world phenomena. |
| 3A-DA-12 | Create computational models that represent the relationships among different elements of data collected from a phenomenon or process. |
| 3A-IC-24 | Evaluate the ways computing impacts personal, ethical, social, economic, and cultural practices. |
| 3A-IC-25 | Test and refine computational artifacts to reduce bias and equity deficits. |
| 3A-IC-26 | Demonstrate ways a given algorithm applies to problems across disciplines. |
| 3A-IC-27 | Use tools and methods for collaboration on a project to increase connectivity of people in different cultures and career fields. |
| 3A-IC-28 | Explain the beneficial and harmful effects that intellectual property laws can have on innovation. |
| 3A-IC-29 | Explain the privacy concerns related to the collection and generation of data through automated processes that may not be evident to users. |
| 3A-IC-30 | Evaluate the social and economic implications of privacy in the context of safety, law, or ethics. |
| 3A-NI-04 | Evaluate the scalability and reliability of networks, by describing the relationship between routers, switches, servers, topology, and addressing. |
| 3A-NI-05 | Give examples to illustrate how sensitive data can be affected by malware and other attacks. |
| 3A-NI-06 | Recommend security measures to address various scenarios based on factors such as efficiency, feasibility, and ethical impacts. |
| 3A-NI-07 | Compare various security measures, considering tradeoffs between the usability and security of a computing system. |
| 3A-NI-08 | Explain tradeoffs when selecting and implementing cybersecurity recommendations. |
| 3B-AP-08 | Describe how artificial intelligence drives many software and physical systems. |
| 3B-AP-09 | Implement an artificial intelligence algorithm to play a game against a human opponent or solve a problem. |
| 3B-AP-10 | Use and adapt classic algorithms to solve computational problems. |
| 3B-AP-11 | Evaluate algorithms in terms of their efficiency, correctness, and clarity. |
| 3B-AP-12 | Compare and contrast fundamental data structures and their uses. |
| 3B-AP-13 | Illustrate the flow of execution of a recursive algorithm. |
| 3B-AP-14 | Construct solutions to problems using student-created components, such as procedures, modules and/or objects. |
| 3B-AP-15 | Analyze a large-scale computational problem and identify generalizable patterns that can be applied to a solution. |
| 3B-AP-16 | Demonstrate code reuse by creating programming solutions using libraries and APIs. |
| 3B-AP-17 | Plan and develop programs for broad audiences using a software life cycle process. |
| 3B-AP-18 | Explain security issues that might lead to compromised computer programs. |
| 3B-AP-19 | Develop programs for multiple computing platforms. |
| 3B-AP-20 | Use version control systems, integrated development environments (IDEs), and collaborative tools and practices (code documentation) in a group software project. |
| 3B-AP-21 | Develop and use a series of test cases to verify that a program performs according to its design specifications. |
| 3B-AP-22 | Modify an existing program to add additional functionality and discuss intended and unintended implications (e.g., breaking other functionality). |
| 3B-AP-23 | Evaluate key qualities of a program through a process such as a code review. |
| 3B-AP-24 | Compare multiple programming languages and discuss how their features make them suitable for solving different types of problems. |
| 3B-CS-01 | Categorize the roles of operating system software. |
| 3B-CS-02 | Illustrate ways computing systems implement logic, input, and output through hardware components. |
| 3B-DA-05 | Use data analysis tools and techniques to identify patterns in data representing complex systems. |
| 3B-DA-06 | Select data collection tools and techniques to generate data sets that support a claim or communicate information. |
| 3B-DA-07 | Evaluate the ability of models and simulations to test and support the refinement of hypotheses. |
| 3B-IC-25 | Evaluate computational artifacts to maximize their beneficial effects and minimize harmful effects on society. |
| 3B-IC-26 | Evaluate the impact of equity, access, and influence on the distribution of computing resources in a global society. |
| 3B-IC-27 | Predict how computational innovations that have revolutionized aspects of our culture might evolve. |
| 3B-IC-28 | Debate laws and regulations that impact the development and use of software. |
| 3B-NI-03 | Describe the issues that impact network functionality (e.g., bandwidth, load, delay, topology). |
| 3B-NI-04 | Compare ways software developers protect devices and information from unauthorized access. |
