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GA IST Glossary

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Data privacy General

how company's use your data

Data security General

protecting your data online

https General

secure data transfer protocol when on the internet

Privacy Policy General

Legal document outlining how a company can collect and use your data

Black Hat Hacking General

attempting to find computer security vulnerabilities and exploit them for personal financial gain or other malicious reasons

White Hat Hacking General

a computer security specialist who breaks into protected systems and networks to test and assess their security

Digital Footprint General

The information about a particular person that exists on the Internet as a result of their online activity

Copyright General

A law that grants the creator of an original work exclusive rights to its use, distribution, and sale

Public domain General

Objects in the public domain are not subject to copyright laws, and thus may be freely used by the general public.

OWASP General

Open Web Application Security Project; highly-regarded organization and much used by cybersecurity professionals.

Computer General

A person or device that makes calculations, stores data, and executes instructions according to a program.

Computer

motherboard General

A circuit board with ports and sockets used to connect the main devices of a computer.

BIOS General

A special kind of firmware that runs programs strictly to start up your computer.

central processing unit (CPU) General

The core component of a device that accepts and executes instructions.

random access memory (RAM) General

A fast type of computer memory which temporarily stores all the information your device needs right away.

solid-state drive (SSD) General

A fast access storage device used in computers.

graphics processing unit (GPU) General

A component designed to speed up the creation of images and output them to a display device, like a monitor.

network interface card (NIC) General

A component with a built in wired network port that allows the computer to connect to a network.

plug-and-play device General

A device that will be recognized by your computer and install on its own.

driver General

A group of files that allows a device to communicate with the computer’s operating system.

Bluetooth General

A short-range wireless communication technology that uses radio waves to transmit information.

NFC (Near Field Communication) General

Enables short-range communication between compatible devices.

operating system (OS) General

The primary software that runs applications and manages all the hardware, memory and other software on a computer.

software General

A set of computer instructions that tells the computer how to work.

workstation OS General

Most commonly used on a desktop or laptop computer and can perform many tasks without an internet connection.

mobile OS General

An operating system used on mobile devices, such as a mobile phone or tablet.

server OS General

Used on specialized computers that take in requests and send back a response (mail server, web server, etc).

embedded OS General

Will only perform one type of task and are used in machines such as an ATM or a GPS system.

firmware General

An operating system that is permanently etched into a hardware device such as a keyboard or a video card.

hypervisor General

Operating systems that are most commonly used to run multiple operating systems on a computer system at the same time.

platform General

An operating system such as Windows, Mac OS, Android or iOS.

single-platform software General

Software that only works on one platform, such as only on Android phones, or only on Mac computers.

cross-platform software General

Software that works on multiple platforms.

Linux General

An open-source and community-developed operating system.

Apple Macintosh (macOS) General

An operating system that uses a graphical user interface designed by Apple Inc. for use on desktops and laptops.

Microsoft Windows General

An operating system that uses a graphical user interface designed by Microsoft for use on desktops and laptops.

file system General

A method of organizing files and retrieving them from storage.

file management General

Software that manages data and files along with the ability to create, modify, and move these files.

GUI (graphical user interface) General

A type of interface that uses interactive graphical elements such as windows, buttons, and icons.

file extension General

The suffix at the end of a filename that indicates what the type of file.

processor General

The electronic part of a computer that executes the instructions that are passed to it by the operating system. It’s also called a CPU, or central processing unit.

software license General

Legally binding guidelines for use and distribution of software.

open source software General

Software that is available for anyone to access and modify.

proprietary software General

Software that is owned by an individual or company.

application architecture model General

Refers to the design of the essential parts of an application and how they are connected to each other.

locally installed software General

Software installation that is performed on your local computer.

local network hosted General

Software installation that is performed on a local area network (LAN).

cloud hosted General

Software that is installed, hosted and accessed entirely from a remote server or location.

Abstraction General

Managing complexity by "abstracting away" information and detail, in order to focus on the relevant concepts.

Define a Function JavaScript

Defining a function means to teach the computer a new command and explain what it should do when receiving that command.

Define a Function

Call a Function JavaScript

Calling a function actually gives the command, so the computer will run the code for that function.

Call a Function

Debugging General

Debugging is fixing a problem in your code.

Debugging

Constant JavaScript

A variable in a program that has a value that does not change.

Constant

Canvas JavaScript

The screen in which our graphics programs are drawn.

Canvas

Coordinate system JavaScript

A coordinate system uses numbers as coordinates to place objects in a geometric space.

coordinate system

Radius JavaScript

The length between the center and edge of a circle

If Statement General

An if statement lets you ask a question to the program and only run code if the answer is true.

If Statement

If Else Statement General

Control structure that lets us run either one section of code or another depending on a test.

If Else Statement

Conditional Statement General

A statement that evaluates to true or false.

If Statement General

An if statement lets you ask a question to the program and only run code if the answer is true.

While Loop General

Lets us repeat code as long as something is true.

While Loop

For Loop JavaScript

A for loop lets us repeat code a **fixed number of times**.

For Loop