`lowerCamelCase` is a naming convention where the first letter is lower case, and each subsequent start of a word is upper case.
Defining a function means to teach the computer a new command and explain what it should do when receiving that command.
Calling a function actually gives the command, so the computer will run the code for that function.
Programs that "Read like a story" have good decomposition and make the code easy to follow.
Breaking down (decomposing) your code is splitting it into more functions.
Indentation is the visual structure of how your code is laid out. It uses tabs to organize code into a hierarchy.
Top down design is a method for breaking our program down into smaller parts.
The way your code is written is the style. It covers the aspects of the code that goes beyond whether or not it just works.
Assumptions we make about what must be true before the function is called.
SuperKarel is like Karel but already knows how to turnRight() and turnAround()
A control structure lets us change the flow of the code.
An if statement lets you ask a question to the program and only run code if the answer is true.
Control structure that lets us run either one section of code or another depending on a test.
A problem when using a while loop where you forget one action at the beginning or the end.
Traditionally the very first program you write when learning a programming language, a program that prints "Hello world" to the user.
JavaScript function that prints out a line to the user
Declaring a variable is defining it for the first time.
Initializing a variable is giving it an initial value.
A float, or floating point value, is a numeric value that can have decimal level precision (ex: 3.14)
A number in your code that appears arbitrary. These should all be replaced with calculations or constants.
A coordinate system uses numbers as coordinates to place objects in a geometric space.
JavaScript function that returns the width of the graphics canvas
JavaScript function that returns the height of the graphics canvas
The length between the center and edge of a circle
An event is an action (such as clicking the mouse or pressing a key on the keyboard) that a program detects and uses as input.
A person or device that makes calculations, stores data, and executes instructions according to a program.
A function passed as a parameter to another function in order to be called later.
The study of computational thinking, the thinking humans need to in order to describe a step by step process to a computer.
A general term in programming that refers to the flow of information into and out of a program
Arithmetic operators include + addition, - subtraction, * multiplication, / division, and % modulus. These operators are used to perform basic mathematical tasks.
Documentation for the syntax and objects in Javascript that we use on CodeHS.
Showing several still images one after another very quickly, to give the illusion of animated movement.
Don't repeat yourself: try to simplify your code and avoid repeating code unnecessarily.
An edge case is a problem in your code that only occurs in extreme situations.
A variable that can be used throughout a program, in every scope
A variable used to count the number of times an action has been performed
A variable that is restricted to use in a certain scope of a program
Also called an array. A data structure that holds a collection of values in a particular order
Also called a list. A data structure that holds a collection of values in a particular order
Also called a dictionary or map. Lets us store pairs of keys that are matched with a specific value.
Repetition of instructions a specified number of times, or until a condition is met.
A data structure that stores values in no particular order. Each value can only appear once in the set.
The value returned from a function when the function is called.
Used to make logical associations between boolean values
Logical operator that ORs two boolean values. Written as `||`. `a || b` will be true if `a` or `b` is true.
Logical operator that ANDs two boolean values. Written as `&&`. `a && b` will be true if both `a` and `b` are true.
Logical operator that negates a single boolean value. Written as `!`. `!a` will be true if `a` is false, and false if `a` is true.
To flip a boolean value, or take the opposite of a boolean value. If you negate true, you get false. If you negate false, you get true.
Not actually random, but appears to be random
A constant that has the specific purpose of being the value that breaks out of a loop.
A loop, most often set with while(true), that has a break in the loop body.
The `break;` statement breaks out of the current loop, without executing any more code in the loop.
A loop that has no way of stopping, and will keep looping forever.
