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TN Cyber Glossary

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motherboard General

A circuit board with ports and sockets used to connect the main devices of a computer.

BIOS General

A special kind of firmware that runs programs strictly to start up your computer.

central processing unit (CPU) General

The core component of a device that accepts and executes instructions.

random access memory (RAM) General

A fast type of computer memory which temporarily stores all the information your device needs right away.

solid-state drive (SSD) General

A fast access storage device used in computers.

graphics processing unit (GPU) General

A component designed to speed up the creation of images and output them to a display device, like a monitor.

network interface card (NIC) General

A component with a built in wired network port that allows the computer to connect to a network.

network port General

A location where information is sent from one computer to another.

port scan General

Checks to see which ports on a network are open.

firewall General

A device or software that blocks unwanted Internet traffic while allowing legitimate traffic.

plug-and-play device General

A device that will be recognized by your computer and install on its own.

driver General

A group of files that allows a device to communicate with the computer’s operating system.

Bluetooth General

A short-range wireless communication technology that uses radio waves to transmit information.

NFC (Near Field Communication) General

Enables short-range communication between compatible devices.

WLAN General

A wireless LAN that uses radio frequency technology to send and receive data.

VLAN General

A virtual LAN that allows for the setup of separate networks by configuring a network device.

wireless networking standards General

A set of protocols that specify how your Wi-Fi network and other data transmissions work.

network device General

An electronic device which is required for communication between devices.

network adapter General

An internal component of a computer that is used for communicating over a network.

modem General

A network device that allows a device to connect to the Internet.

switch General

Enables wired connections between more than one computer or device.

access point General

A network device that allows other Wi-Fi devices to connect to a wired network.

router General

An access point that allows for network management and security configuration.

command line interface (CLI) General

Processes commands to a computer program in the form of lines of text.

routing table General

A list of specific routing destinations; essentially a map for the router.

volatile storage General

Storage that is available only while the system is on and disappears when the system is turned off.

non-volatile storage General

Storage that is saved and available even when the system is shut down.

network-attached storage (NAS) General

Storage that contains one or more drives that can be accessed over a network.

file server General

Network attached storage that is equipped with powerful network adapters.