Translates and executes program code line by line into machine code.
Translates, or “compiles” the entire code into machine code and then runs the program, or sets aside to run later.
A programming language, generally machine code or assembly language, that provides little or no abstraction from a computer's instruction set architecture
A programming language has a significant abstraction from the details of computer operation.
A for loop lets us repeat code a **fixed number of times.**
A function that prints a prompt and retrieves text from the user.
Pieces of information you can give to functions when you define them. When the function is called the arguments are the data you pass into the function's parameters. Parameter is the variable in the declaration of the function. Argument is the actual value of this variable that gets passed to the function.
Escape sequences are characters with special meanings.
Adding two strings together using the "+" operator.
Defines what an object can do.
A True or False value
Also called floats, floating point numbers represent real numbers and are written with a decimal point dividing the integer and fractional parts.
A positive or negative whole number.
A sequence of characters surrounded by quotation marks.
Converts a string into an integer
Converts number to text
Converts a string into a float
The process of converting the value of one data type (integer, string, float, etc.) to another data type is called type conversion.
A mouse event is when the user does something with the mouse, like clicking or moving.
An if statement lets you ask a question to the program and only run code if the answer is true.
Used to make comparisons between values.
A loop that has no way of stopping, and will keep looping forever.
Lets us repeat code as long as something is true.
Exits the current loop and resumes execution at the next statement.
Exits a function, optionally passing back an expression to the caller. A `return` statement with no arguments is the same as `return None`.
Accessing certain characters in a string.
Strings cannot be mutated or changed.
Accessing specific chunks of a string.
A method that counts occurrences of specific items in a list.
Python method that returns the index at which the string is found in another string, returns -1 if not found.
Python method that returns a copy of the string you call it on, without any whitespace at the beginning or end.
A Python method that returns a list of strings after breaking the given string by the specified separator
The `join()` method takes all items in a collection and joins them into one string
Web Scraping is the extraction of data from a website.
A heterogenous, **mutable** data type that stores an ordered sequence of things.
Accessing certain elements in a list
Add a particular item to the end of a list.
Takes a list as an argument and extends the current list with the list given as an argument.
removes the first occurrence of the element with the specified value.
sorts the list in ascending order by default.
reverses the sorting order of the elements.
Pair programming is a collaborative programming practice where two programmers work together at one computer on the same piece of code.
a digital container that holds information or data on a computer
A device used to give commands or send information to a computer
A device a computer uses to show or present information to a user
The process if reading data from a file or writing data to a file
The action of establishing a connection between a file and a program to perform read or write operations on the file.
The action of terminating the connection between a file and a program after completing read or write operations.
A method used to read the contents of a file. It reads the entire file or a specified number of characters and returns them as a string.
A file access mode (“r”) that allows reading the contents of a file but does not permit modifications.
A method used to read a single line from a file. It returns the line as a string, including the newline character at the end.
A special character that represents the end of a line within a text file. In Python, the newline character is represented as \n.
A method used to read multiple lines from a file and return them as a list, where each line is represented as an element in the list.
The process of writing data or text to a file.
The action of replacing the existing content of a file with new data.
The action of adding new data or text to the end of an existing file.
A parameter used when opening a file to specify the intended operation (e.g., read, write, append).
A marker or reference that indicates the current position within a file.
A method used to move the file pointer to a specified location within a file.
The offset or index that represents the current position of the file pointer within a file.
Actions performed to extract data or content from a file.
Actions performed to modify or add data to a file.
