A class is a template, or a blueprint, from which Java objects are created. All Java programs start with a class.
A method is a way to teach the computer a new command
Defining a method means to teach the computer a new command and explain what it should do when receiving that command.
Calling a method actually gives the command, so the computer will run the code for that method.
The part of the method that contains the commands
String is a Java type that represents a string of characters (text)
An object is a single instance of a Java class. An object has both state and behavior.
Primitive types are the basic, simple data types that are inherent to Java (int, double, char, and boolean)
A variable that receives a value passed into a method from outside the method.
The `return` statement exits a method and returns a value.
The value returned from a method.
A method's return type is the type of value returned from that method.
A method's signature is the name of the method and the parameter list.
A specific standard for commenting Java programs. Javadoc is a format to follow when commenting in order to clearly explain your code.
A method called on the Class, rather than on a specific object of the Class.
An exception is thrown by Java when a **runtime error** is encountered. The exception provides information about what kind of error occurred.
