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IB SL Glossary

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Class Java

Classes are the template through which objects are created. It is the formal blueprint for creating objects.

Object Java

An object is a variable of a data type that is user defined. Every object has a state and a behavior.

Instance Java

A created object with defined attributes.

State Java

The data that is associated with an object or class.

Behavior Java

The actions that can be completed by an object or class.

Object Oriented Programming Java

The use of object and class types in programming.

Instance Variables Java

Used to store the state, or data of the object instances.

Constructor/Signature Java

Allows for the creation of a new object. Consists of the constructor name and parameter list.

new Java

Necessary keyword for instantiating a new class object.

Instantiate Java

Create an instance of a class object.

Formal and Actual Parameters Java

Formal parameters are the parameters outlined in the parameter list in the constructor, while actual parameters are the parameters that are input when a new instance of a class object is created.

Method Java

Procedures that allow us to control and define the behavior of an object.

Access Specifier Java

Determines who has access to using the method when writing classes and objects.

Return Type Java

Indicates what type value is being returned from the method

Calling a Method Java

objectName.method()

Procedural Abstraction Java

The ability to use methods and programs that we do not fully understand, or are unable to write.

Method overloading Java

Methods can have multiple signatures. Java will use the correct signature based on the actual parameters used in a program.

return keyword Java

Used to return a value back to the main program from a method.

Scope Java

Defines which part of the program a variable can be accessed from.

Immutable Java

Unable to be changed or manipulated. String are immutable.

Concatenation Java

The process of adding two String values together. This creates a new String object. Primitives can be concatenated with String objects.

Implicit Conversion Java

The automatic process of transforming a variables data type. This occurs when a primitive and String object are concatenated by changing the primitive value to a String object type.

Escape Sequences Java

Enable users to use special characters and actions within String objects.

String(String str) constructor Java

Constructs a new String object that represents the same sequence of characters as str

int length() Java

Returns the number of characters in a String object

String substring(int from, int to) Java

Returns the substring beginning at index from and ending at index to − 1

String substring(int from) Java

Returns substring(from, length())

IndexOutOfBoundsException Java

A String object has index values from 0 to length – 1. Attempting to access indices outside this range will result in this error.

int indexOf(String str) Java

Returns the index of the first occurrence of str; returns -1 if not found

int compareTo(String other) Java

Returns a value < 0 if this is less than other; returns zero if this is equal to other; returns a value > 0 if this is greater than other

Application Programming Interfaces Java

APIs and libraries simplify complex programming tasks by providing sets of clearly defined methods of communication among various computing components.

Documentation Java

Documentation is the reference for how to use different methods and classes

Static Methods Java

Static methods are the methods in Java that can be called without creating an object of class. Static methods are called using the dot operator along with the class name unless they are defined in the enclosing class.

Math Class Java

The Math class is part of the java.lang package and contains only static methods.

int abs(int x) Java

Returns the absolute value of an int value

double abs(double x) Java

Returns the absolute value of a double value

double pow(double base, double exponent) Java

Returns the value of the first parameter raised to the power of the second parameter

double sqrt(double x) Java

Returns the positive square root of a double value

double random() Java

Returns a double value greater than or equal to 0.0 and less than 1.0

Math.random Java

Can be manipulated to produce a random int or double in a defined range.

Integer(int value) and Double(double value) Java

Constructs a new Integer object or a new Double Object that represents the specified int or double value

Integer and Double Classes Java

These classes are part of the java.lang package and Object class and have a number of useful methods.

Integer.MIN_VALUE and Integer.MAX_VALUE Java

The minimum/maximum value represented by an int or Integer, which are -2147483648 and 2147483647

int intValue() and double doubleValue() Java

Returns the value of this Integer as an int and this Double as a double

Autoboxing Java

Automatic conversion between primitive types and their corresponding object wrapper classes

Unboxing Java

Reverse of autoboxing; automatic conversion from the wrapper class to the primitive type

null Java

A keyword that indicates a reference object doesn’t point to any object data.

Overloading Java

When a class has more than one constructor with the same name, but different parameter lists.